Diabetes Mellitus (also known as blood sugar or diabetics) is a metabolic infection that happens when your blood glucose level is excessively high. It’s a disorder when your body doesn’t deliver sufficient insulin or doesn’t utilize it proficiently.

On the off chance that diabetes stays untreated, high glucose levels will harm your nerves, eyes, kidney, and other vital organs.

An extremely uncommon condition known as diabetes insipidus isn’t identified with diabetes yet it’s anything but a comparable name so it makes such a lot of confusion to people. Diabetes insipidus is a condition where your kidney eliminates an excessive amount of liquid from your body.

There are different types of diabetes mellitus that are

 Type 1 diabetes

Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease. Here immune system attacks and destroys cells in the pancreas where insulin is made. It is unclear the cause of type 1 diabetes.

 Type 2 diabetes

It is caused due to your body become resistant to insulin, and sugar level increase in your blood

Prediabetes

It occurs due to your blood sugar level is higher than normal.

Gestational diabetes

Is a condition when the blood sugar level is high during pregnancy by the placenta.

 Diabetes symptoms

The symptoms of diabetes occur due to high blood sugar levels in your system.

Common diabetes mellitus symptoms

• Increase hunger
• Weight loss
• Extreme fatigue
• Sometimes blur vision

Symptoms of diabetes in male

• Decreased sex desire
• Erectile dysfunction
• Decreased muscle strength

Symptoms of diabetes in ladies

• Urinary tract infection
• Yeast infection
• Dry and itchy skin

The complication of diabetes Mellitus

• Heart disease heart attack and stroke
• Bacterial and fungal infection
• Depression
• Hearing and vision loss
• Neuropathy(nerve damage)
• Nephropathy(kidney damage)
• Erectile dysfunction

Complication during gestational diabetes

In the mother– preeclampsia( high amount of protein in the blood, high blood pressure, leg, and feet swelling).

the risk of gestational diabetes in the future also increases.

The risk of diabetes in newborns–

• hypoglycemia (low blood sugar) occurs and higher risk of developing types2 diabetes and risk of death after birth.
• Premature birth
• Jaundice
• Stillbirth

Treatment for diabetes

Type1 diabetes

If you have type1 disease you must take insulin daily because your pancreas is no longer available to make insulin.

There are four kinds of insulin depending upon the time it takes to work

• Rapid-acting insulin
• Short-acting insulin
• Intermediate-acting insulin
• Long-acting insulin

Your primary care physician will recommend which insulin is best for you by seeing your diabetic condition.

Type 2 diabetes

On the off chance that you have type2 diabetes, you need to take medication on schedule and further develop your way of life changes, for example losing weight, making healthy eating diet plans and improve your physical activeness.

Types of drugs that are used to treat type2 diabetes

• Alpha- glucosidase inhibitor
• Biguanides
• DPP-4 inhibitors
• Glucagon-like peptides
• Meglitinides
• SGLT2 inhibitors
• Sulfonylureas
• Thiazolidinediones

You need to consult about these drugs before starting them. Some people take more than1 one drug that is mention above. Sometimes your doctor will recommend taking insulin.

Prediabetes

if you have prediabetes then treatment is focused on losing weight by eating healthy food and exercising.

Gestational diabetes

if you have gestational diabetes then your blood sugar level is not too high. Your first step towards this type is just to modified diet changes and go for regular exercise. If your glucose level is still high then your doctor will suggest you right kind of medication and insulin uptake.

 Risk factors of diabetes

Type 1 diabetes

This type is common among children or teens, or it can be genetic( you carry certain genes that are linked to the disease.

Type2 diabetes

The chances of getting this type are high if

• You are overweight
• Aren’t physically active
• Have high blood pressure, cholesterol level, and high triglycerides.
• Have parents and siblings with this condition
• Have prediabetes

Gestation diabetes

The chances of getting this type are high when you have

• Had gestation diabetes during a past pregnancy
• Have PCOS( polycystic ovarian syndrome) problem
• Overweight
• Above 25 age
• Have a family history with type2 diabetes

Diabetes diet

Sorting out which food is best for controlling your diabetes is difficult and your eating regimen can assume a significant part in controlling your glucose levels.

Adjusted eating routine is fundamental for dealing with your diabetes

Here is a rundown of some food that will assist with diminishing glucose levels in individuals who living with type1 diabetes and type 2 diabetes

• Fatty fish
• tofu
• Leafy green vegetables
• Eggs
• Avocados
• turkey
• Chia seed
• Beans
• Greek yogurt
• Broccoli
• Olive oil
• Flexed seed
• Strawberries
• Apple cider vinegar
• Garlic
• Lean protein

Closing in

The indications of diabetes can be gentle so it is difficult to come by if an individual has diabetes.

An individual who is experiencing diabetes can have some genuine ailment; however, it tends to be overseen by certain endeavors.

• By taking medication on schedule
• With proper routine exercise
• With a healthy eating routine

Assuming you have a high glucose level, talk about it with your primary care physician, postponement can cause some genuine clinical problems.